PLD 2023 Edition

The 2023 release of the GGDC Productivity Level Database presents data on relative prices and labor productivity across 84 countries and 12 sectors, for the 2005, 2011, and 2017 benchmark years. These data are largely based on the results of the 2005, 2011, and 2017 International Comparisons Program (ICP), which estimates purchasing power parities (PPPs) for a global sample of countries. For questions not covered in the documentation, please contact ggdc rug.nl.

Access to the data is provided below in the Excel and Stata file formats :

User information

This data set is hosted on Dataverse, it can be accessed in its entirety through the following doi: 10.34894/AEAX1F

Attribution requirement - The underlying data, methods and results are described in more detail in the following publication. When using these data (for whatever purpose), please make the following reference:

• Robert Inklaar, Ryan Marapin, and Kaira Gräler (2023), "Tradability and sectoral productivity differences across countries", GGDC Research Memorandum 195

This data set provides values for the following indicators:

• Nominal Value Added in local currency
• Total persons engaged in employment
• Gross Output Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs)
• Intermediate Input PPPs
• Value Added PPPs
• Market exchange rates in local currency unit per US dollar

Data on Value added and employment for most of the lower-income countries is based on the GGDC/UNU-WIDER Economic Transformation Database.

License and funding
The GGDC Productivity Level Database 2023 by Robert Inklaar, Ryan Marapin, and Kaira Gräler is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License . The development of this data set has been supported by the Structural Transformation and Economic Growth (STEG) programme.