Economic Transformation Database

The GGDC/UNU-WIDER Economic Transformation Database provide comprehensive, long-term, and internationally comparable sectoral data on output and employment in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Access to the data is provided below:

In September 2023 we updated the ETD. Please consult the change log for an overview of the changes.

Attribution requirement

When using the data for whatever purpose, please make the following reference:

Kruse, H., E. Mensah, K. Sen, and G. J. de Vries (2022). “A manufacturing renaissance? Industrialization trends in the developing world”, IMF Economic Review DOI: http://doi.org/10.1057/s41308-022-00183-7. Data available for download at https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/structuralchange/etd/
This data set is hosted on Dataverse, it can be accessed in its entirety through the following doi: 10.34894/LCH4CA

License

The GGDC/UNU-WIDER Economic Transformation Database is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

User information

The ETD covers:

measures of economic growth and labour inputs for 51 economies in Africa, Asia, and Latin America;
12 sectors of the total economy;
time series with annual data from 1990 until 2018;
variables included are value added at constant and current prices, and persons employed.

Please contact the ETD team at GGDC regarding any questions on the database at ggdc rug.nl.

Acknowledgement

The ETD has been supported by UNU-WIDER financially and through joint research work.

Country and variable coverage

Countries

Developing Asia (14)^*	Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Viet Nam
Advanced Asia (6)	Hong Kong (China), Israel, Japan, Korea (Rep. of), Singapore, Chinese Taipei
Latin America (9)	Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru
Middle East and North Africa (4)	Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, Turkey
Sub-Saharan Africa (18)	Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia
_* _{Asian countries are grouped into developing Asia based on the classification by IMF (2020).}

Variables

year	Time period (annual data): 1990-2018
VA	Gross value added at current basic prices (millions, local currency)
VA_Q15	Gross value added at constant 2015 prices (millions, local currency)
EMP	Number of persons engaged (thousands)

Sectors

ISIC Rev. 4 code	ETD sector name	ISIC Rev. 4 description
A	Agriculture	Agriculture, forestry, fishing
B	Mining	Mining and quarrying
C	Manufacturing	Manufacturing
D+E	Utilities	Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities
F	Construction	Construction
G+I	Trade services	Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; Accommodation and food service activities
H	Transport services	Transportation and storage
J+M+N	Business services	Information and communication; Professional, scientific and technical activities; Administrative and support service activities
K	Financial services	Financial and insurance activities
L	Real estate	Real estate activities
O+P+Q	Government services	Public administration and defence; compulsory social security; Education; Human health and social work activities
R+S+T+U	Other services	Arts, entertainment and recreation; Other service activities; Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use; Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies

ETD Linked Series

This data set provides sectoral data from the GGDC/UNU-WIDER Economic Transformation database linked to historical time series from previous sector databases.